Australia and the United States have agreed to share the cost of the U.S. military's presence in Australia's tropical north, a critical part of President Barack Obama's "pivot" to Asia, Australian Defence Minister Marise Payne said on Thursday, according to Reuters. Payne met U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter in Washington this week to discuss plans to double the number of U.S. Marines in the northern city of Darwin from the current 1,250 by 2020, a goal that was delayed earlier this year from 2017 as originally planned. Australia and the United States signed a "force posture agreement" in 2014 to provide for joint exercises and for U.S. naval and air-force deployments. Operational costs until now had been split on an ad-hoc basis, with infrastructure spending withheld. In March, they discussed basing U.S. long-range B-1 bombers in Darwin, bolstering U.S. military presence close to the disputed South China Sea. Darwin is closer to Indonesia than it is to the Australian capital, Canberra. However, in charting a course between its most important ally the United States and its biggest trading partner China in the contested region, Australia has drawn rebukes from both superpowers. China has criticised Australian freedom-of-navigation flights in the area and a senior U.S. soldier has called on Australia to do more there. Payne said in a statement on Thursday that supporting the Marines in Darwin was "consistent with Australia's long-standing strategic interests in supporting U.S. engagement in our region in a manner that promotes regional security and stability". The two countries will share more than A$2 billion ($1.52 billion) in infrastructure investment in northern Australia and other costs linked to the 25-year deployment. There are plans for combined training and exercises, potentially including other partners in the Asia-Pacific region. Payne's office declined to provide a breakdown of the cost-sharing deal or give further detail on how and when the troop numbers would be increased. A spokesman for the U.S. Defense Department, Commander Gary Ross, said Australia and the United States had concluded negotiations "in-principle" on cost sharing, while details of Marine deployments after 2017 "remain subject to discussions." "The two sides will now finalize a cost sharing implementing arrangement to capture the terms, pursuant to the force posture agreement," he said. Ross said they were working to ensure the cost-sharing was "well-considered, equitable and sustainable." He said infrastructure investments would include upgrades to airfields, aircraft parking aprons, living and working accommodation, messes, gyms, and training ranges. These investments will benefit Australian and U.S. forces.
