JAZAN — The Farasan Archipelago, one of Saudi Arabia's most significant natural treasures, comprises around 200 islands of varying sizes, representing 15.6% of the Kingdom's total 1,285 islands and covering an area of more than 600 square kilometers. Located in the southern Red Sea, about 50 kilometers off the coast of Jazan, the archipelago includes more than 84 coral islands stretching across 1,050 square kilometers. It is known for its white sandy beaches, turquoise waters and rich marine and wildlife ecosystems. The islands host over 180 species of plants and more than 200 species of birds, alongside mangrove forests that support unique biodiversity. The archipelago attracts more than 150,000 visitors each year, particularly diving and fishing enthusiasts from around the world. Farasan is also home to several archaeological sites, including Wadi Matar and the ancient village of Al-Qassar, which preserves remnants from the Himyarite era. Other notable heritage landmarks include the Jamal House on Qummah Island, the Rifai House and the Najdi Mosque, built in 1347 AH. The islands are historically known for their pearl fisheries and their proximity to the international maritime route and the Bab Al-Mandab strait. The archipelago is the Kingdom's largest habitat for the Arabian gazelle (Gazella arabica) and serves as a major stopover for migratory birds, making it one of the region's most important natural and historical sites.
