Papua New Guinea has blocked access to Facebook in what authorities call a "test" to limit hate speech, misinformation and pornography. The sudden ban, which started on Monday, has drawn criticism from opposition MPs and political critics, who called it a violation of human rights. Defending the move, Police Minister Peter Tsiamalili Jr said the government is not trying to suppress free speech, but that it has the "responsibility to protect citizens from harmful content". Facebook is the most popular social media platform in Papua New Guinea, with an estimated 1.3 million users — including many small businesses that rely on it for sales. Social media has also been key in facilitating public discourse amid declining press freedom in the country. Neville Choi, president of Papua New Guinea's media council, said the move "borders on political autocracy, and an abuse of human rights". More concerning was the fact that at least two government agencies that oversee communication and technology said they were unaware of the government's plans, Choi pointed out, despite the police saying its "test" was done in partnership with these agencies. "We are now heading into dangerous territory and everyone is powerless to stop this tyranny," opposition MP Allan Bird wrote on Facebook. Monday's ban comes months after the passing of new counter-terrorism laws, which gives the government powers to monitor and restrict online communications, among other things. "It is draconian law designed to take away our freedoms," Bird wrote, adding that the blocking of Facebook was "just step one". Despite the ban, many users have still been able to access Facebook using virtual private networks, or VPNs. John Pora, who chairs the Small and Medium Enterprises Corporation, is more concerned about the thousands of retailers who earn their livelihoods on Facebook. "We have a couple of hundred thousand people in the informal sector and they'll be feeling uncertain, so I'm hoping the systems come back online soon to allow them to trade," he said. Papua New Guinea authorities have long threatened to make a move against Facebook. In 2018, the country banned the platform for a month while authorities attempted to root out fake profiles. At the time, authorities mooted the idea of a state-run alternative. In 2023 Papua New Guinea launched a parliamentary inquiry into "fake news, bad news reporting and social media [platforms]" in the country. — BBC
