Pakistan has launched retaliatory missile strikes into Iran, reportedly killing seven people, after Iran carried out strikes in Pakistan late on Tuesday. Pakistan said its strikes had hit "terrorist hideouts" in Iran's Sistan-Baluchestan province. Three women and four children were killed, Iran state TV said. The reciprocal air strikes come as tensions in the Middle East are high with several overlapping crises. Israel is fighting the Palestinian group Hamas in Gaza and exchanging fire with Iran-backed Hezbollah in Lebanon, Iran-backed groups in Iraq and Syria are targeting US forces, and the US and UK have struck the Iran-backed Houthis in Yemen, who have been attacking shipping. Pakistan and Iran have long accused each other of harboring militant groups that carry out attacks from regions along their shared border. On Thursday, Pakistan's foreign ministry confirmed its strikes, which Iranian media said took place around the city of Saravan. Pakistan said it had acted in light of "credible intelligence of impending large-scale terrorist activities" and said a number of "terrorists" were killed. It added that it "fully respects" Iran's "sovereignty and territorial integrity" but its action on Thursday was "a manifestation of Pakistan's unflinching resolve to protect and defend its national security against all threats". Pakistan had fiercely condemned Iran's strike on Tuesday, which struck an area of Pakistan's Balochistan province near the Iranian border and which Islamabad said killed two children. Iran insisted its strikes were aimed only at Jaish al-Adl, an ethnic Baloch Sunni Muslim group that has carried out attacks inside Iran, and not Pakistan's citizens. Earlier in the week Iran also attacked targets in Iraq and Syria -- it said it had hit Islamic State and Israel's Mossad spy agency, both of whom it said had been involved in a bomb attack in the Iranian city of Kerman earlier this month which killed 84 people. Analysts said Pakistan's response was not surprising and matched Iran's in being presented as a specific attack on insurgents, "Pakistan's retaliation does raise the risk of escalation but it also provides an opportunity to step back from the brink. In effect, the two sides are even now," said Michael Kugelman, the South Asia director at the Wilson Centre. "Islamabad had a strong incentive to try to restore deterrence, especially with Iran on the offensive around the wider region deploying direct strikes and proxies to hit out at threats and rivals. In effect, if Pakistan had held back, it would have faced the risk of additional strikes." China, a strong ally of both nations, has called for both sides to show restraint and avoid an escalation. Analysts say Iran's strikes this week were also driven by the current turbulent dynamics in the Middle East. Tehran has said it does not want to get involved in a wider conflict but groups that it backs have been ramping up efforts to target Israel and its allies to show solidarity with the Palestinians. However Shashank Joshi, defense editor at The Economist, says he does not believe the strikes are an outcome of the 7 October Hamas attacks on Israel, which killed about 1,300 people and triggered Israeli retaliation against Hamas in Gaza, which officials from the Hamas-run health ministry there say has killed about 24,000 people. "The story here is about Iran flexing its muscles, perhaps outraged by what it saw as a grievous assault on its country [in Kerman on Jan 3, which is] the worst terrorist attack in Iran since the revolution of 1979 ... Iran is wounded and is lashing out. I don't think there's any compelling reason to say the bombing was caused by, or is an outcome of 7 October," Joshi told the BBC's Today program. He adds that this is "not the first time there have been border tensions, but it is by far and away the most serious escalation in tensions that I can remember". — BBC
