Of the many agreements and initiatives announced at the 26th UN Climate Conference (COP26) in Glasgow, the UN Climate Communications Lead at the Department of Global Communications narrowed down the three that she deemed most impactful. Speaking in an exclusive interview with Alexandre Soares of UN News, Martina Donlon acknowledged that after two weeks of tough negotiations, the text that serves as the conference's outcome is "a compromise that it is not enough", especially for small island states and other vulnerable countries. However, it does provide some "positive steps forward". Indeed, she said, with the agreement by negotiators at COP26 to begin moving away from fossil fuels, "we will see more electric cars and they will become more affordable, and increasingly powered by wind and solar energy". Although the world needs a six percent cut in fossil fuels to avoid the worst of global warming, coal mines, like those in Samacá, Colombia, are expected instead to increase production by two percent. Donlon pointed out that at the conclusion of the conference, countries agreed to accelerate action during "this decisive decade" to cut global emissions in half, to reach the temperature goal of 1.5C, as outlined in the landmark 2015 Paris Agreement. The COP26 outcome document, known as the Glasgow Climate Pact, also calls on 197 countries to present stronger national action plans for increasingly ambitious climate actions next year – moving up the 2025 deadline set out in the original timeline – at COP27, which is scheduled to take place in Egypt. Moreover, Donlon noted that the pact calls for a phase-down of coal and a phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies, "two key issues that had never been explicitly mentioned in a decision at climate talks before – despite coal, oil and gas being the key drivers of global warming". According to the UN official, Glasgow signaled "an accelerated shift away from fossil fuels and towards renewable energy". The second most impactful outcome of the Glasgow pact is its call for the doubling of finance to support developing countries in adapting to the impacts of climate change. "Although this will not provide all of the funding needed by poorer countries, the fact that developed countries agreed to double their collective funds for adaptation is a major improvement," Donlon underscored. She stressed that the UN Secretary-General has been pushing for increased financing to protect lives and livelihoods, and said that this would "especially benefit least developed countries and small island" States. There were a host of other deals and announcements, such as on methane, coal, forests and sustainable transport that could all have very positive impacts if they are implemented, the UN official said. "However, most of these are voluntary commitments so there are no guarantees that Governments, investors and corporations will deliver," she said. Donlon acknowledged that while there would not likely be an immediate impact in our daily lives, she stressed that the decisions taken at COP26 will affect Governmental actions on a range of measures and would eventually translate into noticeable differences in people's lives. And COP26 also sent a signal to markets that it is no longer acceptable to invest in heavily polluting sectors. "So, these changes will have an impact on our lives, and probably sooner than we think," she said. The phasing out of coal means people in heavily polluted cities will have cleaner air to breathe and fewer respiratory illnesses, the UN official explained. Moreover, the increase in finance for protecting lives and livelihoods would allow small islands to put in place early warning systems for floods and storms. And small farmers would have more resilient crops and seeds to protect food security. Decisions made at the global level "eventually impact everyone's lives", Donlon attested. — UN News
